Via the Digital Services Regulation (DSA), the European Commission has requested information from Youtube, Snapchat and Tiktok about which parameters their algorithms use to recommend social media content to users.

The Commission then wants to evaluate the extent to which these algorithms can amplify risks linked to, for example, democratic elections, mental health and children’s well-being. The authority also wants to look at how the platforms work to reduce the potential impact their recommendation systems have on the spread of illegal content, such as the promotion of drugs and incitement against ethnic groups.

The social media companies have until Nov. 15 to provide the requested information.

Most Apple watchers may have noticed that the company’s iPhone 16 marketing really does put Apple Intelligence front and center, even though its home-baked breed of AaI (Artificial [Apple] Intelligence) isn’t available quite yet. 

All the same, the system, which we explain in great depth here, is on the way. And in the run up to its arrival, we’re learning more about it, and when and how it will be introduced. As we wait on data about the extent to which Apple Intelligence boosts future iPhone sales, read on to learn when Apple Intelligence will come to your nation, what schedule the various tools are shipping on, and other recently revealed details concerning Apple’s hugely hyped service.

When is Apple Intelligence coming?

Apple will introduce the first of its Apple Intelligence services with the release of iOS 18.1. More tools and services will be made available later this year and across 2025, when the company will likely introduce brand new and unannounced features. You will require an iPhone 16 series device, an iPhone 15 Pro series device, or an iPad or Mac running an M1 chip or later to run the system.

What schedule are service releases on?

A Bloomberg report tells us when to expect Apple Intelligence features to appear:

iOS 18.1: 

Due in mid-October, this first set of features will include various Writing tools, phone call recording and transcription, a smart focus mode and Memories movies. Apple tells us the feature list includes:

• Writing Tools.
• Clean Up in Photos.
• Create a Memory movie in Photos.
• Natural language search in Photos.
• Notification summaries.
• Reduce Interruptions Focus.
• Intelligent Breakthrough and Silencing in Focus.
• Priority messages in Mail.
• Smart Reply in Mail and Messages.
• Summaries in Mail and Messages.
• And Siri enhancements, including product knowledge, more resilient request handling, a new look and feel, a more natural voice, the ability to type to Siri, and more.

iOS 18.2: 

In December, we should see Apple make Genmoji and Image Playground services available.

iOS 18.4: 

This is when Siri will be overhauled to become more contextually aware and capable of providing more personally relevant responses. This release is thought to be coming in March and will be preceded by a more minor update (iOS 18.3).

Where will Apple Intelligence be available?

Bad news, good news. The good news is that US iPhone owners will get to use Apple Intelligence as soon as iOS 18.1 ships. The other good news is that any user anywhere willing to set their device language to US English should also be able to run the services; if you want to keep your iPhone running your language, you’ll have to wait a little while.

Apple has promised to introduce localized language support for the following English nationalities in December: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United Kingdom.

Throughout 2025, the company has promised to introduce Apple Intelligence support for English (India), English (Singapore), French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Spanish, and Vietnamese. The company also promised support for “other” languages, but hasn’t announced which ones. For the moment, at least, Apple Intelligence will not be available in the EU.

How much storage does the system need?

An Apple document confirms that Apple Intelligence requires 4GB of available iPhone storage to download, install, and use. The company hasn’t disclosed how much space is required on iPads or Macs, but it seems reasonable to expect it’s close to the same. Apple also warns that the amount of required storage could increase as new features are introduced. 

What else to know

Apple now sees AI as a hugely important component to its business moving forward. That means the service will work on all future iPads, Macs, and iPhones (including iPhone SE). It also means the company is plotting a path to support the service on visionOS devices and Homepod and deploy it in future products, including an intelligent home automation and management system it apparently plans, along with the introduction (at last) of a “HomeOS.” There’s more information here.

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Apple has been accused of violating union rights, according to a complaint filed by the US National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) .

The complaint, filed in May by the NLRB and released Monday, accused Apple of several federal labor law violations, including “coercively interrogating employees about their union sympathies;” “confiscating union flyers from its employee break room,” and “interfering with, restraining, or coercing employees” from exercising their rights.

It’s not the first time Apple has been accused by a US labor board of trying to illegally stop efforts to unionize. In 2021, the company was accused of interrogating workers and barring them from leaving pro-union flyers in a break room in a Manhattan store.

Apple did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the allegations.

The most recent complaint is the result of a lawsuit filed last year by Ashley Gjovik, a former Apple senior engineering manager who was “terminated” in 2021, and Cher Scarlett, who accused the company of forbidding employees from discussing wages and employment conditions.

Scarlett agreed to leave Apple and drop her NLRB complaint. Scarlett was one of the founders of the #AppleToo movement, a whistleblower group that alleged racism, sexism, and inequality at the company.

Last year, after an attempt to unionize failed at another Manhattan store, the NLRB affirmed an administrative law judge’s findings that Apple illegally interrogated workers at the store about unionization efforts and prevented them from sharing pro-union flyers. A complaint was also filed by Gjovik in a California federal court alleging Apple illegally fired, disciplined, threatened, and interrogated her for engaging in protected union activity at its headquarters in Cupertino, CA.

The NLRB complaint calls on Apple to stop the violating practices and post notices in workplaces showing agency has found it violated Federal labor law and saying Apple agrees to now obey those laws.

Apple also faces at least two other pending NLRB cases claiming it fired an employee at its headquarters for criticizing managers and illegally interfered with a union campaign at a retail store in Atlanta, according to Reuters.

The Apple product machine continues to whirr, with a host of new products, including Macs, iPads, and iPhone SE, expected to appear this fall. 

Some of these new products will represent powerful improvements compared to older hardware, as the intention is to ensure Apple Intelligence runs well on all the company’s devices. That means a big jump in processor power and might also mean a bump in memory — both of which should raise the performance bar, even for those entry-level products you intend to deploy across your business.

In brief, the list of upcoming product upgrades is expected to include:

• MacBook Pros with an M4 chip.
• iMacs with M4 chips.
• A Mac mini upgrade.
• The iPhone SE, with Face ID and Apple Intelligence.
• A new iPad.
• A new iPad mini.

The thinking is these devices will almost certainly appear at about the time as Apple rolls out Apple Intelligence features that have been announced but aren’t yet available — particularly (for business users), the introduction of a more context-savvy Siri in 2025. That alone is likely to tempt consumers to upgrade to iPhone SE, and should also make that device a more viable tool for some roles in the mobile enterprise.

The iPhone SE is expected to ship with an A18 processor (also used in the current iPhone 16 range) and will look more like an iPhone 14, lack a Home button, and have but one rear camera. (It’s not expected to make an appearance until Spring.)

Other upgrades to Apple’s Mac range will arrive sooner, potentially this month. These are expected to include M4/M4 Pro processors and at least 16GB of RAM in the MacBook Pro; a new M4-based iMac; and a redesigned M4-powered Mac mini with five USB-C ports. The other significant take away in the move to M4 chips is that it will place Macs far ahead of competitors when it comes to computational performance per watt, which is a very important consideration when thinking about AI.

A quick run-down of current Mac speculation:

• MacBook Pro: 14- and 16-in. models, M4/M4 Pro/M4 Max chip, 16+GB RAM, 10-core CPU and GPU, three Thunderbolt 4 ports. 
• Mac mini: Smaller than the current model, M4 or M4 Pro chip, no USB-A ports, five USB-C ports, an HDMI port, and perhaps an internal power supply.
• iMac: No major design changes in the 24-in. all-in-one, and M4 processors.

Those Mac upgrades could be accompanied by new iterations of the iPad and iPad mini, both equipped with A18 processors capable of handling Apple Intelligence. For many enterprise users, the iPad mini upgrade may seem attractive. 

Current iPad expectation:

• iPad mini: Big feature upgrades include Apple Pencil support and updated front and rear cameras, A18 chip, Wi-Fi 6E, Bluetooth 5.3.
• iPad (11^th generation): A18 chip, new color options.

Apple watchers envision Apple Pencil support and a landscape front camera, which makes the iPad mini a good fit for deployment in stock control, field operations, industry, warehousing, and in-store ordering. Larger than an iPhone while remaining eminently portable, iPad mini could become a highly utilitarian device for many users. It seems likely to use an A18 chip and both new iPads will support Apple Intelligence. 

Not all of the devices Apple is expected to introduce will be available immediately. The new iPad, for example, might ship a little later.

Intelligent Apple

What’s interesting here is that Apple has been criticized for emblazoning much of its in-store iPhone 16 advertising with Apple Intelligence, despite those features not yet being available. That’s a fair criticism to some extent, but what it misses is that Apple Intelligence itself should be seen as its own new product family. New features will be added over time, not just those that Apple has already introduced.

Within that context, it seems wise to anticipate an ever-expanding array of features will be made available, even as developers begin to deploy Apple Intelligence APIs within their own software, further expanding what is available to consumer and enterprise users.

The company’s move to ensure that all its platforms (allegedly in the future also including HomePod, Apple Watch, and Vision Pro) support Apple Intelligence speak to the strategic importance Apple now attaches to building the world’s most private and secure ecosystem for person-centered AI. 

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The World Wide Web Foundation, the organization whose mission has been to make the web safer and more accessible, has shut down, according to The Register. The foundation, which close its virtual doors Sept. 27, says its mission has largely been fulfilled and other organizations can take over the work.

When the organization was founded in 2009, just over 20% of the world’s population had access to the internet, with few groups working to change that reality. Today, that number has climbed to around 70%, and many organizations are working to raise it higher.

The foundation’s co-founders, World Wide Web inventor Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Rosemary Leith, said in a statement posted on the Foundation’s site that there are other challenges they want to focus on.

In particular, they write, is the social media companies’ model of commoditizing user data and concentrating power on the platforms, which runs counter to Berners-Lee’s original vision for the web. The foundation was wound down so he can focus on decentralized technologies such as the Solid Protocol, a specification that allows users to securely store data in decentralized data storage units known as Pods.

That technology has been under development since at least 2015.

Microsoft on Tuesday announced several updates to its free Microsoft Copilot and paid-for Copilot Pro services aimed at making the personal AI assistant more powerful and easier to converse with.

Among the updates is Copilot Vision. Built natively into Microsoft’s Edge browser, the Vision feature lets Copilot see what a user sees when surfing the web. It can then respond to queries about the contents of a web page in natural language — highlighting reviews to help choose a film on Rotten Tomatoes, to give one of Microsoft’s examples, or assisting with research. 

“We believe Copilot can go beyond answering basic questions and generating content, to offering more complete support for you and your tasks,” Yusuf Mehdi, Microsoft’s corporate vice president and consumer chief marketing officer, said in a pre-recorded press briefing.

The service will be limited to a list of pre-approved websites initially, said Microsoft. The company’s AI models won’t be trained on the content Copilot views.

“Increasingly, generative AI assistants are becoming multi-modal (language, vision and voice) and have personalities that can be configured by the consumers,” said Jason Wong, distinguished vice president analyst at Gartner. “We will see even more anthropomorphism of AI in the coming year.” 

Mehdi said Microsoft has taken steps to “respect and protect” user privacy when accessing Copilot Vision, which is turned off by default. “You must actively choose to enable the Copilot feature,” he said. “You have clear notification it is on, no conversations or content are stored beyond the active session, and none of the Copilot Vision interactions will be used for training.”

The feature will initially roll out in the United States via Copilot Labs, a new service where paid Copilot Pro subscribers can test upcoming AI capabilities. Copilot Pro costs $20 per month. 

Another experimental feature available in Copilot Labs is Think Deeper, which enables Copilot to “reason” and answer more complex questions. 

“Think Deeper takes more time before responding, allowing Copilot to deliver detailed, step-by-step answers to challenging questions,” Microsoft’s Copilot Team said in a blog post. “We’ve designed it to be helpful for all kinds of practical, everyday challenges like comparing two complex options side by side. Should I move to this city or that? What type of car best suits my needs? And so on.”

Think Deeper is available now to a limited number of Copilot Pro customers in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States. 

Microsoft has also announced a refresh of the Microsoft Copilot mobile app, with a UI that is “leaner, simpler, warmer, and all around more approachable,” said Mehdi. The new Copilot app rolls out today. 

Conversations with the AI assistant will be more realistic and natural with the introduction of Copilot Voice, Microsoft said. The revamped voice interface promises faster responses and the ability to interrupt when the Copilot is speaking; users can also now select from four different voices to interact with when talking with the Copilot assistant.

“With the new Copilot Voice, you’ll have a smoother and more engaging conversation, because responses are faster and you can easily interrupt and direct your experience,” said Mehdi.

One of the Copilot voices can also be chosen to read out a Copilot Daily news digest — a summary of news from authorized content sources. (Microsoft has partnered with Reuters, Financial Times, German publisher Axel Springer and others.) It will also provide weather forecasts, with a reminder function also in the works. 

Copilot Voice is initially available in English in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It will expand to more regions and languages soon, Microsoft said. Copilot Daily is rolling out now starting in the United States and the United Kingdom with more countries coming soon.

To help new users get started, Microsoft has released Copilot Discover, which provides guidance on the AI assistant’s features and “conversation starter” suggestions.

The introduction of realistic AI assistants is part of a wider trend, said Wong. Gartner predicts that, by 2026, 80% of the top 100 consumer brands will offer anthropomorphized generative AI agents to drive consumer loyalty. 

It’s not just Microsoft Copilot; Google Gemini, OpenAI’s ChatGPT, and X.ai Grok are all developing multi-modal agents that will “entertain, inform and connect the consumer to relevant services and products,” said Wong. “This is the next frontier — and battleground — of customer experience.”

The CHIPS and Science Act provides $52.7 billion for American semiconductor research, development, manufacturing, and workforce development. The Act’ provides $39 billion in manufacturing incentives, including $2 billion for the legacy chips used in automobiles and defense systems; $13.2 billion in R&D and workforce development; and $500 million for international information communications technology security and semiconductor supply chain activities.

That R&D money includes $11 billion in funding to advance four programs: the National Semiconductor Technology Center (NSTC); the National Advanced Packaging Manufacturing Program (NAPMP); the CHIPS Metrology Program; and the CHIPS Manufacturing USA Institute. The Act also provides a 25% investment tax credit for capital expenses for manufacturing of semiconductors and related equipment.

The CHIPS Act’s purpose was to strengthen American supply chain resilience after problems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and to counter China’s rising share of the market. The US share of global semiconductor fabrication capacity has fallen from about 36% in 1990 to about 10% in 2020, according to a Congressional Research Service report. Meanwhile, China’s share of chip manufacturing has grown nearly 50% over the past two years and now comprises about 18% of the world’s supply.

In 2023, the Department of Commerce, which is administering the CHIPS Act, spent months negotiating with semiconductor designers and fabricators to gain commitments from the companies and to achieve specific milestones in their projects before getting government payouts. For example, negotiations between the federal government and TSMC resulted in the Taiwanese semiconductor designer and manufacturer being promised $6.6 billion in CHIPS Act funding; in return, the company pledged to bring its most advanced 2nm process technology to US shores and added plans for a third fabrication plant to its Arizona site.

The White House has argued that CHIPS Act spending will grow America’s share of the world’s leading-edge chip market to 20% by 2030. But industry experts say more government incentives will be needed to sustain and continue that growth domestically.

According to Mario Morales, a group vice president at IDC, the current CHIPS Act is just the start; he expects the Biden Administration to champion a second CHIPS Act that will spend even more money and likely be approved sometime around 2026 or 2027. There may also be a third CHIPS Act after that, Morales said.

The current CHIPS Act was passed by Congress and signed into law by US President Joseph R. Biden Jr. on Aug. 9, 2022.

Since December 2023, the Commerce Department has allocated about $32 billion in funding among chipmakers, including Samsung, TSMC and Intel. In return, various chip designers and makers have pledged about $300 billion in current and future projects in the US, according to the White House.

Here’s a timeline of where the money is going, with the most recent allocations listed first:

September 2024

Intel is set to receive $8.5 billion CHIPS Act funding. The deal, which has been in negotiation for months, would represent the largest subsidy package awarded to date under the act, which aims to reduce US reliance on foreign chip production and strengthen the country’s semiconductor supply chain.

The deal could be finalized by the end of the year, according to one report, but there’s no guarantee of that.

To date, the CHIPS Act has allocated proposed funding across 17 companies, 16 states, and 26 projects. However, no CHIPS funding has actually been disbursed yet. The Department of Commerce expects to begin disbursing awards over the coming weeks and months.

April 2024

Micron, which plans to build two new fabrication plants in upstate New York and another in Boise, Idaho – where its headquarters is located, got $6.14 billion in funding.

Samsung got $6.4 billion to build leading-edge logic, R&D, and advanced packaging fabs in Taylor, TX, and to expand a current-generation and mature-node facility in Austin, TX.

TSMC got $6.6 billion to support the development of three greenfield leading-edge fabs in Phoenix, AZ.

March 2024

Intel was awarded $8.5 billion in funding, the most of any CHIPS Act allocations to date. Intel expects to use the money to advance its commercial semiconductor projects in Arizona, New Mexico, Ohio and Oregon. The company also said the funds would create more than 10,000 company jobs and nearly 20,000 construction jobs, and would support more than 50,000 indirect jobs with suppliers and supporting industries.

February 2024

NSTC in Albany, NY was promised more than $5 billion in funding. The NSTC is a public-private partnership that will perform research on next-generation semiconductor technologies by supporting the design, prototyping, and piloting of the latest semiconductor technologies.

GlobalFoundries, in Malta, N.Y. and Essex Junction, VT. (GF) is expected to receive about $1.5 billion to help them expand and create new manufacturing capacity and capabilities for automotive, IoT, aerospace, defense, and other markets. GF’s chips are used in everything from blind spot detection and collision warnings in cars, to smartphones and electric vehicles that last longer between charges, to secure and reliable Wi-Fi and cellular connections.

January 2024

Microchip Technology Inc. got $162 million to increase its production of microcontroller units and other specialty semiconductors, and to support the modernization and expansion of fabrication facilities in Colorado Springs, CO, and Gresham, OR.

December 2023

The first of the CHIPS Act allocations, about $35 million, went to BAE Systems Inc., a federal government contractor. BAE was expected to use the money to help modernize an aging Nashua, NH facility and help quadruple the company’s production capacity for chips used in F-35 fighter jets.

Arm’s attempt to purchase part of Intel’s computer chip business may have been declined, but it once again demonstrates the important role played in the evolution of today’s tech by Apple and its handheld Newton. 

While it isn’t quite clear what Arm would gain by buying Intel, Bloomberg claims it tried to do so all the same. (And Apple hasn’t).

What makes this a little confusing is that Arm and Intel have such different businesses: while Arm is a chip design house, Intel is both a designer and manufacturer that uses an architecture cross-licensed with AMD. It is also fair to observe (as The Register has here) that while Intel’s star may be fading, it’s still worth billions of dollars.

Is this a melting point?

All the same, the story reveals something else. It shows the extent to which the tech industry has been transformed by the mobile productivity philosophy articulated in the early days by Newton.

You see, Newton strove to be the perfect assistant for business users. It offered handwriting recognition, natural language support, and though there was no ChatGPT (or even Siri), it hinted at the pervasive AI entering daily existence today.

Newton also used a true mobile processor from Arm (then known as Acorn). This was capable of delivering computational performance for very low energy (at the time) — just like the A-series chips inside iPhones and some iPads, or the M-series silicon inside Macs and iPad Pro.

Getting the team together

The decision to work with Arm reflected Apple’s early recognition that energy consumption and computational performance would be vital if it were to overcome the barriers against next-generation computer design. When Steve Jobs returned to Apple, he closed the Newton project — but in other ways, he continued to lean into what the company had learned. The data detector technology used in Mail arguably owes a debt to the PDA, as does handwriting recognition.

Many of the ideas Newton heralded appeared a decade later in iPhone — eventually, including that Arm-based processor. 

The Arm-based Apple Silicon chips now used across Apple’s products are so performant that competitors struggle to keep up. The closest current rival (at least in the low-energy, high-performance stakes) is Qualcomm, which may well be trying to snap at Apple’s heels and has been forced to adopt Arm reference designs to do so. Even Microsoft is moving to Arm, while Intel’s processor design unit is spending more than it makes, prompting pain across the company.

You could argue that all of this illustrates how ahead of its time the Apple Newton was, and the huge influence it still wields today. Because today we have fully networked, high-performing devices in a myriad of different forms (Mac, smartphone, tablet, watch, glasses, more) boosted by AI with user interfaces to match.

Arguably, many of these devices were made possible by design decisions Apple reached when building the Newton. It took decades to accomplish it, but that means we are now living in Newton’s future, and the chutzpah of Arm’s overture to Intel reflects this. While what Arm would gain from any such deal isn’t clear, the alleged attempt illustrates that truth. Several decades later, revenge seems sweet.

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